-
 
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Package Summary

Tags No category tags.
Version 0.1.1
License Apache-2.0
Build type CATKIN
Use RECOMMENDED

Repository Summary

Checkout URI https://github.com/UniversalRobots/Universal_Robots_ROS_scaled_controllers.git
VCS Type git
VCS Version main
Last Updated 2024-10-14
Dev Status DEVELOPED
CI status Continuous Integration : 0 / 0
Released RELEASED
Tags No category tags.
Contributing Help Wanted (0)
Good First Issues (0)
Pull Requests to Review (0)

Package Description

Provides controllers that use the speed scaling interface.

Additional Links

Maintainers

  • Felix Exner

Authors

No additional authors.

Scaled joint trajectory controller

This package contains a joint trajectory controller leveraging on-the-fly speed scaling to slow down trajectories using a robot’s teach pendant.

position_controllers/ScaledJointTrajectoryController and velocity_controllers/ScaledJointTrajectoryController

These controllers work similar to the well-known joint_trajectory_controller.

However, they are extended to handle the robot’s execution speed specifically. Because the default joint_trajectory_controller would interpolate the trajectory with the configured time constraints (ie: always assume maximum velocity and acceleration supported by the robot), this could lead to significant path deviation due to multiple reasons:

  • The speed slider on the robot might not be at 100%, so motion commands sent from ROS would effectively get scaled down resulting in a slower execution.
  • The robot could scale down motions based on configured safety limits resulting in a slower motion than expected and therefore not reaching the desired target in a control cycle.
  • Motions might not be executed at all, e.g. because the robot is E-stopped or in a protective stop
  • Motion commands sent to the robot might not be interpreted, e.g. because there is no interpreter for ROS commands, such as the external_control program node for Universal Robots running on the robot controller.
  • The program interpreting motion commands could be paused.

The following plot illustrates the problem: Trajectory execution with default trajectory controller

The graph shows a trajectory with one joint being moved to a target point and back to its starting point. As the joint’s speed is limited to a very low setting on the teach pendant, speed scaling (black line) activates and limits the joint speed (green line). As a result, the target trajectory (light blue) doesn’t get executed by the robot, but instead the pink trajectory is executed. The vertical distance between the light blue line and the pink line is the path error in each control cycle. We can see that the path deviation gets above 300 degrees at some point and the target point at -6 radians never gets reached.

All of the cases mentioned above are addressed by the scaled trajectory versions. Trajectory execution can be transparently scaled down using the speed slider on the teach pendant without leading to additional path deviations. Pausing the program or hitting the E-stop effectively leads to speed_scaling being 0 meaning the trajectory will not be continued until the program is continued. This way, trajectory executions can be explicitly paused and continued.

With the scaled version of the trajectory controller the example motion shown in the previous diagram becomes: Trajectory execution with scaled_joint_trajectory_controller

The deviation between trajectory interpolation on the ROS side and actual robot execution stays minimal and the robot reaches the intermediate setpoint instead of returning “too early” as in the example above.

Under the hood this is implemented by proceeding the trajectory not by a full time step but only by the fraction determined by the current speed scaling. If speed scaling is currently at 50% then interpolation of the current control cycle will start half a time step after the beginning of the previous control cycle.

Acknowledgement

Developed in collaboration between:

Universal Robots A/S   and   FZI Research Center for Information Technology.


rosin_logo

Supported by ROSIN - ROS-Industrial Quality-Assured Robot Software Components.
More information: rosin-project.eu

eu_flag

This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020
research and innovation programme under grant agreement no. 732287.

CHANGELOG

Changelog for package scaled_joint_trajectory_controller

0.1.1 (2021-06-15)

  • Require same CMake version in all packages
  • Contributors: Felix Exner

0.1.0 (2021-06-10)

  • Added metapackage
  • Contributors: Felix Exner

Wiki Tutorials

This package does not provide any links to tutorials in it's rosindex metadata. You can check on the ROS Wiki Tutorials page for the package.

Dependant Packages

Launch files

No launch files found

Messages

No message files found.

Services

No service files found

Recent questions tagged scaled_joint_trajectory_controller at Robotics Stack Exchange

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Package Summary

Tags No category tags.
Version 0.1.1
License Apache-2.0
Build type CATKIN
Use RECOMMENDED

Repository Summary

Checkout URI https://github.com/UniversalRobots/Universal_Robots_ROS_scaled_controllers.git
VCS Type git
VCS Version main
Last Updated 2024-10-14
Dev Status DEVELOPED
CI status Continuous Integration : 0 / 0
Released RELEASED
Tags No category tags.
Contributing Help Wanted (0)
Good First Issues (0)
Pull Requests to Review (0)

Package Description

Provides controllers that use the speed scaling interface.

Additional Links

Maintainers

  • Felix Exner

Authors

No additional authors.

Scaled joint trajectory controller

This package contains a joint trajectory controller leveraging on-the-fly speed scaling to slow down trajectories using a robot’s teach pendant.

position_controllers/ScaledJointTrajectoryController and velocity_controllers/ScaledJointTrajectoryController

These controllers work similar to the well-known joint_trajectory_controller.

However, they are extended to handle the robot’s execution speed specifically. Because the default joint_trajectory_controller would interpolate the trajectory with the configured time constraints (ie: always assume maximum velocity and acceleration supported by the robot), this could lead to significant path deviation due to multiple reasons:

  • The speed slider on the robot might not be at 100%, so motion commands sent from ROS would effectively get scaled down resulting in a slower execution.
  • The robot could scale down motions based on configured safety limits resulting in a slower motion than expected and therefore not reaching the desired target in a control cycle.
  • Motions might not be executed at all, e.g. because the robot is E-stopped or in a protective stop
  • Motion commands sent to the robot might not be interpreted, e.g. because there is no interpreter for ROS commands, such as the external_control program node for Universal Robots running on the robot controller.
  • The program interpreting motion commands could be paused.

The following plot illustrates the problem: Trajectory execution with default trajectory controller

The graph shows a trajectory with one joint being moved to a target point and back to its starting point. As the joint’s speed is limited to a very low setting on the teach pendant, speed scaling (black line) activates and limits the joint speed (green line). As a result, the target trajectory (light blue) doesn’t get executed by the robot, but instead the pink trajectory is executed. The vertical distance between the light blue line and the pink line is the path error in each control cycle. We can see that the path deviation gets above 300 degrees at some point and the target point at -6 radians never gets reached.

All of the cases mentioned above are addressed by the scaled trajectory versions. Trajectory execution can be transparently scaled down using the speed slider on the teach pendant without leading to additional path deviations. Pausing the program or hitting the E-stop effectively leads to speed_scaling being 0 meaning the trajectory will not be continued until the program is continued. This way, trajectory executions can be explicitly paused and continued.

With the scaled version of the trajectory controller the example motion shown in the previous diagram becomes: Trajectory execution with scaled_joint_trajectory_controller

The deviation between trajectory interpolation on the ROS side and actual robot execution stays minimal and the robot reaches the intermediate setpoint instead of returning “too early” as in the example above.

Under the hood this is implemented by proceeding the trajectory not by a full time step but only by the fraction determined by the current speed scaling. If speed scaling is currently at 50% then interpolation of the current control cycle will start half a time step after the beginning of the previous control cycle.

Acknowledgement

Developed in collaboration between:

Universal Robots A/S   and   FZI Research Center for Information Technology.


rosin_logo

Supported by ROSIN - ROS-Industrial Quality-Assured Robot Software Components.
More information: rosin-project.eu

eu_flag

This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020
research and innovation programme under grant agreement no. 732287.

CHANGELOG

Changelog for package scaled_joint_trajectory_controller

0.1.1 (2021-06-15)

  • Require same CMake version in all packages
  • Contributors: Felix Exner

0.1.0 (2021-06-10)

  • Added metapackage
  • Contributors: Felix Exner

Wiki Tutorials

This package does not provide any links to tutorials in it's rosindex metadata. You can check on the ROS Wiki Tutorials page for the package.

Dependant Packages

Launch files

No launch files found

Messages

No message files found.

Services

No service files found

Recent questions tagged scaled_joint_trajectory_controller at Robotics Stack Exchange